22 free Physics MCQs written in the JEE exam pattern, each with a step-by-step solution. Tap an option for instant feedback — no sign-up, no ads.
Revise with smart repetition →✍️ These are original practice questions written in the JEE pattern for the JEE Main engineering entrance exam — not questions from any official past paper.
Q1. The SI unit of force is the:
B. Newton — Force is measured in newtons (N), where 1 N = 1 kg·m/s². The joule is the unit of energy, the watt of power, and the pascal of pressure.
Q2. The acceleration due to gravity near the Earth's surface is approximately:
A. 9.8 m/s² — Near the Earth's surface, g ≈ 9.8 m/s² (often taken as 9.81 or 10 for estimates). 3 × 10⁸ m/s is the speed of light, not an acceleration.
Q3. The SI unit of electric current is the:
C. Ampere — Electric current is measured in amperes (A). The volt is the unit of potential difference, the ohm of resistance, and the coulomb of electric charge.
Q4. The splitting of white light into its constituent colours by a prism is called:
C. Dispersion — Dispersion is the separation of white light into colours because different wavelengths refract by different amounts. Reflection is bouncing back; diffraction is bending around obstacles; polarisation restricts the vibration direction.
Q5. The speed of light in vacuum is approximately:
B. 3 × 10⁸ m/s — Light travels at about 3 × 10⁸ m/s (299,792,458 m/s) in vacuum. This is a universal constant, denoted c.
Q6. The SI unit of work (and energy) is the:
C. Joule — Work and energy share the unit joule (J), where 1 J = 1 N·m. The newton is force, the watt is power (J/s), and the newton-second is impulse/momentum.
Q7. A ball is thrown vertically upward with speed 20 m/s from the ground (take g = 10 m/s²). Neglecting air resistance, what is the total time it stays in the air before returning to the ground?
B. 4 s — Time to rise = u/g = 20/10 = 2 s. By symmetry the fall takes an equal 2 s, so total time of flight = 4 s.
Q8. A body moves in a straight line and its velocity–time graph is a straight line passing through the origin with positive slope. Which quantity is constant for this motion?
C. Acceleration — A straight v–t graph means velocity changes at a uniform rate, so the acceleration (the slope) is constant. Velocity, displacement and kinetic energy all keep increasing.
Q9. A block of mass 2 kg rests on a horizontal surface with coefficient of static friction 0.4 (g = 10 m/s²). What is the maximum horizontal force that can be applied without the block moving?
B. 8 N — Maximum static friction = μmg = 0.4 × 2 × 10 = 8 N. Any applied force up to 8 N is balanced by friction, so the block stays at rest.
Q10. Two objects of masses m and 4m have equal kinetic energies. What is the ratio of the magnitudes of their linear momenta (lighter : heavier)?
B. 1 : 2 — Since p = √(2mKE) and KE is equal, p ∝ √m. Ratio = √m : √(4m) = 1 : 2.
Q11. A satellite orbits Earth in a circular orbit. If it is moved to a higher circular orbit, its orbital speed:
B. Decreases — Orbital speed v = √(GM/r), which decreases as the orbital radius r increases. A higher orbit therefore has a smaller orbital speed.
Q12. A wire of length L and cross-sectional area A stretches by ΔL under a load F. If a second wire of the same material has twice the length but the same area and load, its extension will be:
C. 2ΔL — From Y = FL/(AΔL), extension ΔL = FL/(AY) is proportional to length L. Doubling L doubles the extension to 2ΔL.
Q13. A liquid drop of radius R is broken into 8 identical smaller drops. Compared with the original drop, the total surface area of the smaller drops is:
C. Twice — Volume is conserved: 8 × (4/3)πr³ = (4/3)πR³ gives r = R/2. Total area = 8 × 4π(R/2)² = 8πR², which is twice the original 4πR².
Q14. An ideal gas undergoes a process in which its pressure is doubled while its temperature is kept constant. By what factor does its volume change?
B. Halves — At constant temperature, Boyle's law gives PV = constant. Doubling the pressure halves the volume.
Q15. In an adiabatic process for an ideal gas, which of the following is true?
A. No heat is exchanged with the surroundings — An adiabatic process is defined by zero heat exchange (Q = 0). Temperature, pressure and internal energy generally all change during it.
Q16. The bob of a simple pendulum is given a small displacement and released. If the length of the pendulum is quadrupled, its time period becomes:
B. Twice — For a simple pendulum T = 2π√(L/g), so T ∝ √L. Quadrupling L multiplies the period by √4 = 2.
Q17. A sound wave travels from air into water. Which property of the wave necessarily remains unchanged?
C. Frequency — Frequency is set by the source and does not change when a wave crosses into a new medium. Speed and wavelength both change (and amplitude generally changes too).
Q18. Two point charges of +2 μC and +2 μC are separated by a distance r. If the distance between them is halved, the electrostatic force between them becomes:
C. Four times — Coulomb's force F ∝ 1/r². Halving the separation multiplies the force by (1/(1/2)²) = 4, so it becomes four times as large.
Q19. Three resistors each of 6 Ω are connected in parallel. The equivalent resistance of the combination is:
D. 2 Ω — For equal resistors in parallel, R_eq = R/n = 6/3 = 2 Ω.
Q20. A straight conductor carries a steady current. The magnetic field at a fixed perpendicular distance from the wire is directly proportional to:
A. The current in the wire — By Ampère's law, B = μ₀I/(2πr) for a long straight wire, so B is directly proportional to the current I.
Q21. Light of wavelength 500 nm in vacuum enters a medium of refractive index 1.5. Its wavelength in the medium is approximately:
C. 333 nm — Frequency is unchanged, so wavelength in the medium = λ₀/n = 500/1.5 ≈ 333 nm.
Q22. In the photoelectric effect, increasing the intensity of incident light (while keeping its frequency fixed above the threshold) increases:
B. The number of emitted electrons per second — Higher intensity means more photons per second, so more electrons are ejected per second (larger photocurrent). Maximum kinetic energy depends on frequency, not intensity; threshold frequency and work function are properties of the metal.
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